Siemens Tornado Turbine Screen Shots

 Turbine Overview Screen

·     Tornado twin shaft developed in 1981

·     Power rating 8000bhp (5.7MWe ISO)

·     Nominal speed 9600rpm PT

·     Efficiency 32% Thermal

·     DLE version introduced 1996

·     Uprated version introduced 1999 (10000bhp, 7MWe ISO)

 

  Turbine Overview Screen

 Lube Oil Supply

·     Lub oil system supplies both turbine and compressor bearings

·     Lub oil system is very important - sleeve bearings at high temperatures

·     Three sub systems:-

·     Emergency

·     AC Pre & Post

Mechanical 

·     System is water cooled via a thermostatic valve

LUB OIL SYSTEM

SYSTEM SETTINGS

·     Pressure relief valves set to 100psi for both AC and Mechanical pumps

·     Main system PCV sets rail pressure to nominally 207kpa (30psi)

·     Emergency system PCV sets rail pressure to nominally 207kpa (30psi)

·     System thermostatic valve sets temperature to nominally 44°C

·     TE-8216 & TE-8217 operate tank heaters at 32°C

SYSTEM SETPOINTS

·     Cold oil start permissive set to 21°C via TE-8220

·     Filter differential pressure set to 137kpa (20psi) via PDSH-8212

·     High temperature alarm set to 60 °C  via TE-8219

·     High temperature trip set to 68 °C via TSHH-8218

·     Low level alarm set to 28cm (11inch) via LSL-8213

·     Low level alarm set to 35cm (14inch) via LSL-8213

 

 Turbine Lube Oil Distribution 

·     All turbine bearings are white metal sleeve or shell  construction

·     Need for continuous lubrication for rotation and cooling

·     Two distinct rails; hot and cold

·     Two types of bearing used; radial and thrust

 

·     All bearings have dedicated temperature and vibration monitoring

Rail pressures are monitored for low pressure problems 

PRESSURE SETTINGS AND SETPOINTS

·     Hot rail set to nominally 207kpa (30psi) via PCV-8218

·     Cold rail set to nominally 207kpa (30psi) via PCV-8218

·     Low pressure alarm set to 172kpa (25psi) via PT-8218

Low pressure trip set to 138kpa (20psi) via PT-8218 or PSLL-8219

 Turbine Inlet -Exhaust Overview

·     Primary core engine protection and control

·     All monitoring is carried out by type K thermocouples

·     Two thermocouples monitor compressor inlet

·     Two thermocouples monitor compressor exit

·     Sixteen thermocouples monitor turbine interduct

·     All combustors are independently monitored by two thermocouples

 

 Turbine Fuel System

GAS FUEL SYSTEM

GAS FUEL SETPOINTS

PLC FUNCTIONS

·     High supply pressure via PT-8271

·     Alarm set to 2067kpa (300psi)

·     Trip set to 2172kpa (315psi)

·     Low supply pressure via PT-8271

·     Alarm set to 1585kpa (230psi)

·     Trip set to 1481kpa (215psi)

FDAE FUNCTIONS

·     Supply pressure via PT-8273 or PT-8277

·     High trip set to 2172kpa (315psi)

·     Low trip set to 620kpa (90psi)

·     Burner pressure via PT-8275 or PT-8276

·     High trip set to 1723kpa (250psi)

·     Supply temperature via TE-8295

·     High trip set to 110 °C

·     Low trip set to 0 °C

 

 Ventilation and Combustion Air System

Turbine  Hydraulic System 

·     Two systems, starter system and vgv system

·     Both fed from main luboil system

·     Starter system operating up to 35000kpa

·     VGV system operating up to 4800kpa

·     Starter system driven by AC motor, VGV system driven by mechanical means

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

SYSTEM PRESSURES & SETTINGS

·     Starter system working pressure, 2757kpa to 35000kpa

·     VGV system working pressure, nominally  4800kpa

·     Starter system oil supply filter differential trip set to 165mm Hg via PDSHH8201

·     Starter system low pre-charge pressure trip set to  1724kpa via PSLL8203

·     VGV has no pressure monitoring but relies on actual position of VGV ram

 

 Water Wash System

·     Used for the cleaning of the gas generator compressor blading

·     Offline and online washes available

·     Uses hazardous solvents such as Zok 27

·     Requires clean water supply - de-mineralized

·     Uses separate was trolley for fluid injection

·     Also requires external instrument or shop air supply

WATER WASH SYSTEM

SYSTEM PRESSURES

·     Air supply to trolley, 550kpa to 827kpa

·     Air supply to skid edge >550kpa

·     Air supply to labyrinth seals >27kpa

SYSTEM SETTINGS

·     Low air supply pressure, set to 517kpa (permissive & alarm)

·     Low labyrinth seal air supply, set to 15kpa (permissive alarm)

·     Low turbine inlet air temperature, set 10°C (add antifreeze to fluids)

·     Low turbine inlet air temperature, set  -10°C (abort wash)

 

 Start Permissives

·     Pre-start conditions additional to trip functions

·     All permissives must be met in order to start turbine

·     If not all met produces a ‘not ready’ indication on main screen (S1 F2

 

 Turbine Vibration

TURBINE VIBRATION

TURBINE VIBRATION SETPOINTS

General vibration equipment fault is given when any probe falls below 4 volts gap and the green OK light goes out on the Bently module

•Gas Generator Inlet, VE-8274 & VE-8291

•Alarm set to 65µm pk/pk

•Trip set to 90µm pk/pk

•Gas Generator Exit, VE-8275 & VE-8290

•Alarm set to 65µm pk/pk

•Trip set to 90µm pk/pk

•Gas Generator Trust, VE-8271

•Alarm set to 0.3mm Normal, 0.65mm Counter

•Trip set to 0.4mm Normal, 0.8mm Counter

•Power Turbine Inlet, VE-8278 & VE-8288

•Alarm set to 65µm pk/pk

•Trip set to 90µm pk/pk

•Power Turbine Exit, VE-8281 & VE-8286

•Alarm set to 65µm pk/pk

•Trip set to 90µm pk/pk

•Power Turbine Thrust, VE-8299

•Alarm set to 0.3mm Normal, 0.65mm Counter

Trip set to 0.4mm Normal, 0.8mm Counter

Fire Protection System 

·     All functions carried our by independent F&G chassis

·     F&G has own dedicated power supply

·     Utilizes IR detectors for fire detection

·     Utilizes Heat detectors for fire detection

·     Utilizes Gas detectors for high gas level detection

·     Utilizes CO2 for extinguishant