Electric motor basics (Stator and rotor)

Electric motor basics
Stator and rotor
The magnetic field around electrical conductors can be
strengthened by winding them into a coil around an
iron core. When the wire is wound into a coil, all the
flux lines produced by each turn of wire join up to form
a single magnetic field around the coil.

The greater the number of turns of the coil, the greater
the strength of the magnetic field. This field has the
same characteristics as a natural magnetic field, and so
also has a north and a south pole.

But before we dig any further into the world of
magnetism, let us have a closer look at the main
components of an electric motor: the stator and the
rotor.













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Rotor:
The rotating part of the motor, rotates with the
motor shaft by moving with the magnetic field
of the stator.

Stator:
The stator is the stationary electrical part of
the motor. It contains a number of windings
whose polarity is changed all the time when an
alternating current (AC) is applied. This makes
the combined magnetic field of the stator.

Rotation from magnetism
Quite apart from their strength, the advantage of having
a magnetic field which is created by a current-carrying
coil is that it makes it possible to reverse the poles of the
magnet by reversing the direction of the current. This
ability to reverse the poles is precisely what we use to
create mechanical energy. What follows is a brief look
at how this works.
Opposites attract
Like poles repel each other while unlike poles attract.
Simply put, this fact is used to generate constant
movement of the rotor by continuously changing the
polarity in the stator. You could think of the rotor as a
magnet which is capable of rotating. This will keep the
rotor moving in one direction, and the movement is
transferred to the motor shaft. In this way, magnetism
is used to convert electrical energy into mechanical
energy.